AL-80 · Selected Studies — ESL/TEFL

L1-Interference Spotter
Mandarin → English

L1 transfer errors are not random — they are systematic patterns that follow directly from how the learner's first language works. Select a source language to explore documented interference categories, triage a student error, and test your knowledge with a quick quiz. For ESL/EFL teachers and teacher-trainers.

📊 Swan & Smith, Learner English 2nd ed. (2001); Li & Thompson, Mandarin Chinese (1981); contrastive analysis research; Council of Europe CEFR (2020)
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8 Interference Categories — Mandarin → English

Click any category to expand the full explanation, error examples, and teaching tip. Categories are ordered by frequency of occurrence in learner corpora.

Error Triage Identify & Respond
Detected Category
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Why This Happens
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Targeted Correction
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Suggested Correction Technique
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Quick Quiz — Mandarin Transfer Patterns 8 Questions

Test your knowledge of Mandarin–English interference patterns. Select the best answer for each question.

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